Spatial-Temporal Changes and Driving Factors of Land-Use Eco-Efficiency Incorporating Ecosystem Services in China

With rapid urbanization in China, the dramatic land-use changes are one of most prominent features that have substantially affected land ecosystems, thus seriously threatening sustainable development. However, current studies focused more on evaluating economic efficiency land-use, while loss and degradation ecosystem services barely considered. To address these issues, this study first proposed a use-based input–output index system, incorporating impact value (ESV), then by taking 30 provinces China as case study. We further employed super-efficiency slacks-based model (Super-SBM) Stochastic Impacts Regression Population, Affluence Technology (STIRPAT) to explore spatial–temporal driving factors evaluated eco-efficiency. found ESV was 28.09 trillion yuan (at price 2000) 2015, total experienced an inverted U-shaped trend during 2000–2015.The average eco-efficiency exhibited downward from 0.87 2000 0.68 2015 with distinct regional differences into account ESV. Our results revealed northeastern region had highest efficiency, followed eastern, western, central China. Finally, we identified relationship between urbanization, technological innovation made great contributions improvement These findings highlight importance evaluation Future development management should pay additional attention especially continuous supply human well-being related services.